Cultural assessment tool nursing

Upon review of the abstracts and several full papers, there were no articles which met our inclusion criteria. Many articles are available which describe validation of tools to assess cultural competency of health care practitioners, yet have not been studied for their use in the clinical context. Our review focused on North America Canada and the US and Europe, but we are aware of the substantive work undertaken in the field in New Zealand by the seminal theorist Dr.

Irihapeti Ramsden [ 45 , 46 ]. Her cultural safety model is gaining prominence in both policy and practice areas within Canada [ 47 , 48 ], largely because the model was developed for specific use by indigenous Maori people and the relevance this has for the Canadian context. In general the models and tools we identified whilst focusing on the provision culturally competent care more frequently had been used in research studies involving the education and training of nurses and health professionals.

Many assessment tools and models have been developed based on clinical experience but have never been tested in any manner. In a rapidly changing and fast-paced technological health care environment, nursing staff may appreciate a tool that can be administered with ease to generate inclusive cultural information. We reviewed carefully the pragmatic use of the tools indentified in consultation with clinical colleagues and identified the FamCHAT tool [ 23 ] as offering a succinct tool to be used in the clinical environment.

The evaluation of the use of this tool forms a separate publication which is under review. We would recommend that further research be undertaken in respect of validation of the tools and models we sent out to identify in relation to validating the psychometric properties and efficacy of each tool and model.

GH designed and led the study, assisted with development of search strategy and selection of articles, and made revisions to the manuscript. OM advised on the literature search strategy.

SR and SM drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. BMC Nurs. Published online Aug 3. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Corresponding author. Gina MA Higginbottom: ac. Received Aug 4; Accepted Aug 3. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.

Abstract Background High income nations are currently exhibiting increasing ethno-cultural diversity which may present challenges for nursing practice. Methods Data was retrieved from a wide variety of sources, including key electronic bibliographic databases covering research in biomedical fields, nursing and allied health, and culture, e.

Results Thirteen thousand and thirteen articles were retrieved, from which 53 full papers were assessed for inclusion. Conclusions While many ethno-cultural assessment tools exist to guide nursing practice, few are informed by research perspectives. Background All high-income developed nation states have increasingly diverse populations and this phenomenon will become more evident in the 21 st century. Provision of culturally appropriate care Where culturally-appropriate care is not delivered, studies demonstrate a negative trajectory of events ranging from simple miscommunication to life-threatening incidents [ 8 , 9 ].

Cultural assessment tools and models of transcultural nursing Our request from the health care unit called for the identification of a cultural assessment tool; however, within nursing knowledge and theory this type of assessment tool is more commonly referred to as a model of transcultural nursing.

Table 1 Additional perspectives and frameworks underpinning cultural models of care. Raphael [ 49 ] Ecosystemic Framework in the context of immigration and resettlement An understanding of the context or environment is required to make sense of human behaviour. Moosa-Mitha [ 52 ] Post-colonial feminist perspectives Challenges the dominance of patriarchy and takes account of the subjugation and oppression created by colonization and the subsequent legacy.

Collective societal change is a key tenet. Hankivsky [ 57 ] Multiculturalism Embracing of ethno-cultural difference whilst acknowledging the right to retain a unique cultural identity. Canadian Heritage [ 58 ]. Open in a separate window. Design We conducted an integrative review, which is a distinct genre of review aiming to create new knowledge and perspectives of a given phenomena [ 7 ]. Figure 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Our aim being to map the state of knowledge in this field, it was not appropriate to apply rigid inclusion criteria or to use a traditional hierarchy of evidence.

Results As this was not a systematic review, and although several associated principles were applied to enhance the methodological rigor multiple reviewers, clearly defined criteria , a meta-synthesis of the findings was not conducted. Family Cultural Heritage Assessment Tool FAMCHAT The tool is designed as a qualitative assessment tool with open-ended questions on a number of variables including beliefs system, language, influence of acculturation, and formal and informal group membership.

The Culturally Competent Community Care model CCCC The proposed constructs of culturally competent care in this model are: caring, cultural sensitivity, cultural knowledge, and cultural skills in community-based settings with focus on ethnic populations. Narayanasamy A. Nurses are required to make efforts to become aware of others' cultures by negotiation and compromise, while establishing respect and rapport and showing sensitivity to all aspects of patients' needs.

Purnell L. The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence This model has twelve domains which flow from general to more specific cultural phenomena: heritage, communication, family roles and organization, workforce issues, bio-cultural ecology, high-risk behaviours, nutrition, pregnancy and childbearing practices, death rituals, spirituality, and health care practice, and health care practitioner.

Leininger M. The antecedents of the GDTAM are described in the following passage: The Giger and Davidhizar Transcultural Assessment Model was developed in in response to the need for nursing students in an undergraduate program to assess and provide care for patients that were culturally diverse.

Discussion Compelling evidence exists concerning the need to integrate cultural assessment in nursing care within the context of the growing diversity of patient population [ 11 ]. Limitations This review was conducted in early , such that recent literature of relevance may have been missed.

Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors' contributions GH designed and led the study, assisted with development of search strategy and selection of articles, and made revisions to the manuscript. References Kymlicka W. Immigration, citizenship, multiculturalism: exploring the links. Political Quarterly. Projections of the Diversity of the Canadian Population. Ottawa; Writing integrative literature reviews. Human Resource Development Review.

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Conclusions The NCAT item structure yields a reliable and valid instrument that is representative of the construct of nursing culture. Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank all nursing staff participating in the survey at the 54 participating long-term care facilities.

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. References and Notes 1. Zhang Y. Hooper J. Creation of a safety culture: Reducing workplace injuries in a rural hospital setting. Buerhaus P. Trends in the experiences of hospital-employed registered nurses: Results from three national surveys.

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Gov Identifier Nct Support Center Support Center. Scoring standardization provides a reliable point of comparison for NCAT users. NCAT assessments support nursing's ability to evaluate nursing culture, use results to shape the culture into one that supports change, and advance nursing's best practices and care outcomes.

Registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants from 54 long-term care facilities in Kentucky, Nevada, North Carolina, and Oregon were surveyed.